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[常见病处方] 针对结石的生活方式改善建议

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发表于 2012-3-13 11:49:57 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
We’ve made a lot of advances in our medical treatment of kidney stones. But ideally, you don’t ever want to have a kidney stone — or worse, have more than one.
Here are some ways to lower your risk.
Keep urine dilute
Drink at least 2 litres of water per day. Small amounts of coffee, tea, lemon water, and alcohol may also be helpful.
Get rid of the excess
If it doesn’t use stuff, our body has to excrete anything that we ingest. Overeating, overdrinking, and overmedicating can lead to more work for the kidneys. Big meals, yo-yo dieting, and binging put big demands on the kidneys and can promote stone formation. Avoid big meals before bed. (You’ll sleep better that way anyway.)
Vary fruit, vegetable, and nut/seed intake
If you rely on oxalate-rich foods year round, your kidneys might get overwhelmed. Eat a variety of foods, and eat with the seasons to give your kidneys a break. The food will be fresher, too. Bonus!
Limit animal protein
If you’re at risk, consider lowering your animal protein intake to no more than about 50 grams per day. Make up the rest from plant sources as much as possible.
Limit sodium intake
Less than 100 mmol/day (2300 mg/day). This is easy if you don’t eat processed foods.
Stay lean
Less body fat turnover means fewer waste products for the kidney to deal with.
Control calcium
No more than 800-1000 mg/day of calcium (food and supplements combined). With calcium, you don’t want to go too high or too low.
Use vitamin supplements with caution
Vitamins A and D can lead to increased calcium in the urine and stone formation. Only supplement with vitamin D if you require it (based on blood testing), watch out for fortified foods.
Vitamin C supplements can be excreted in the urine as oxalate. Avoid using them unless you’re deficient.
This includes fortified foods/drinks.
If you have stones, find a specialist
Watch out for internet scams.
Avoid antacids with calcium base
These can cause phosphate depletion and increase calcium in the urine.



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