Cardiac adaptation to training and decreased

shiliangyin

From F. J. Caldero´ n Montero*†, P. J. Benito Peinado†, Valter Di Salvo‡,
Fabio Pigozzi‡, and Nicola Maffulli}
Introduction: Changes in echocardiographic standard measurements as a
consequence of training and detraining in elite or subelite athletes have not
been comprehensively studied.
Methods: We identified 200 potentially relevant studies from 1966 to June 2006
and eliminated 187 studies that did not fulfil the objectives of the study. We
identified 13 studies with echocardiographic assessment of heart adaptation
following variation in training loads in elite or subelite endurance-trained
athletes. We performed a meta-analysis by studying the changes in the left
ventricular end-diastolic (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic (LVESD), left
ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) and interventricular septum thickness (IVST)
dimensions induced by training.
Results: A significant positive overall effect size on echocardiographic outcomes
was found following training, using the fixed effect model on LVPW, LVEDD,
LVESD and IVST. LVPW and LVEDD were significantly higher following training.
Conclusion: Studies reported an increase in LVEDD and LVPW, following
endurance training. However, the heterogeneity of the studies and the
sensitivity of echocardiography technique can be two reasons, for which the
results do not allow to state unequivocally that the adaptation to endurance
training of highly trained hearts stems from increments of diastolic diameter of
the left ventricle and lateral wall of the left ventricle (LVPW).