THE EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION Whether the purpose is athletic training or treatment of disease, the exercise program and prescription must include mode, frequency, duration, and intensity.
Mode, the type of exercise, utilizes the specificity of exercise principle to choose a type of exercise that will stimulate the desired outcome.
Frequency is number of sessions per week or the number of session per day.
Duration is the total time, measured in minutes, for each exercise session.
Intensity, measured as percent of capacity (VO2max), is the effort. Frequency, duration and intensity combine to produce an overload.
In exercise programming/prescription, the recommended frequency, duration, or intensity is called the target.
Additional aspects of the exercise prescription include progression, precautions, and recommendations when appropriate. Guidelines for the progression of exercise become a factor in the success of individuals who are beginning an exercise program or who are engaging in specific types of exercise programs.
Precautions for exercise are the modifications in the prescription or the additional concerns that must be addressed for each disease process, co-morbidity, or disability to make exercise safe. For example, individuals with diabetes who exercise will be given several precautions for the timing of meals, insulin injections, and glucose monitoring that will not be given to apparently healthy individuals without diabetes who exercise. Precautions given to individuals with angina will not be the same as those given to individuals with low back pain. Each chronic disease and disability will have a specific set of precautions.
Recommendations are additional life-style changes appropriate to the client or patient. For the most part, these recommendations include
- Diet
- Smoking Cessation
- Stress Management
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