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Decreased compartment size
Constrictive dressing and casts.
Closure of fascial defects.
Thermal injuries and frostbite.
Increased compartment contents
Increased capillary permeability
Trauma, fracture, contusion
Postischemic swelling: lying on a limb
Burns
Orthopaedic procedures: osteotomy, fracture fixation
Intensive use of muscles: seizures, tetany, eclampsia
Intraarterial drugs
Snakebite
Increased capillary pressure
Venous obstruction
Exercise
Vascular injury
Bleeding disorder, anticoagulant therapy
Muscle hypertrophy
Nephrotic syndrome
Popliteal cyst
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