Fitness Testing---Testing Anaerobic Capacity

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Testing Anaerobic Capacity
High intensity exercise stresses the anaerobic energy system. Each short burst of high intensity exercise depletes the stores of creatine phosphate and utilizes anaerobic glycolysis in which lactic acid is produced. There is often insufficient time to recover completely after each sprint, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid. The efficient removal of lactic acid is required to limit muscle fatigue.
There are many tests of anaerobic capacity that require a single burst of activity, such as:

• 30-second Wingate test
• 10 & 30-second tri-level anaerobic tests
• Cunningham-Faulkner test
• 300 yard Shuttle
• 60 Yard Shuttle (NFL)
• 300m run and 800m run
  

These tests have their uses, but are not specific to the demands of intermittent type team sports, as the ability to reproduce these efforts is not tested.
Testing anaerobic capacity in team sport players is designed to measure not only their anaerobic power, but also their ability to recover from these bursts of high intensity exercise. There are a few tests of repeat sprint ability, using a maximal sprint over a set distance or time with minimal rest periods. Example of such tests are:

• Sprint Fatigue Test — 10 x 30m sprints.
• Phosphate Recovery Test — 7 x 7 second sprints.
• RAST — 6 x 35m sprints
• AFL Sprint Recovery Test — 6 x 30m sprints.
• FIFA Interval Test 1 — 6 x 40m sprints.
• Henman Shuttle Test — 5 x 1 min shuttle runs, with 1 min recovery between each.
  

The problem with the above tests is that they do not closely replicate the demands of the sport. Sprints during play are often variable in intensity and duration. The difficulty is to create a test that is mimics the demands of the sport, and be still reliable and valid. As the intermittent sprints during play are not consistent, it’s impossible to get test that exactly replicates the demands of the sport. With the complex tests that are required, it is difficult to control all factors and create a reproducible test. Below are some of the fitness tests that have tried to address these issues.

• Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test — a test that includes jogging, running and sprinting, designed to simulate the demands of soccer matches. The protocol involves moving between two lines 20 meters apart, at speeds set based on the player's individual fitness levels and relevant to the sport that is being simulated. Audio signals dictate the speeds they run at. The standard test for male soccer players involves 6 x 15 minute blocks of exercise, separated by three minute rest intervals, making a total of 90 minutes of activity. Each 15 minute block consists of approximately 11 cycles: 3 x 20m walking, 1 x 15m sprint, 3 x 20m running, and 3 x 20m jogging.
• Yo-Yo Intermittent Test — developed specifically for soccer players, though it is suitable for similar sports teams which are intermittent in nature. The test is a variation of the running 20m beep test, except in this intermittent test the participants have a short active break (5 and 10 seconds for the intermittent endurance and intermittent recovery tests, respectively) between each shuttle. There are two versions of each Yo-Yo Intermittent Test, a beginners and advanced level.
• Soccer FIT Interval Test — this test was developed initially to mimic the demands of soccer players, involves running 10 and 25 yards circuits in diminishing times, with 30seconds rest between sets.
• Water Polo Intermittent Shuttle Test — assesses a player's ability to perform repeated high-intensity efforts interspersed with brief periods of active recovery, set to mimic the demands of the sport of water polo.
• 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test — designed to closely replicate the demands of intermittent sports. Unlike the beep test, where athletes run continuously with increasing speed every minute, this test involves 30 seconds of running alternated with 15 seconds of walking over a 40m shuttle area.
• The J.A.M. Intermittent Test — developed to measure the intermittent fitness ability of team sport athletes, specifically Rugby players. The test involves a series of walk–jog–run shuttles. The participants loop around the triangle, either running, walking or jogging in that order. Approximately every 2 minutes the run is replaced with a maximal 12 meter sprint bout.
• FIFA Interval Test 2 — Part of the test protocol for soccer referees, this test is 12 laps total, with each lap comprising 2 x 150m high intensity runs with 50 walk between each.
  

Related Pages

• more Anaerobic Capacity Tests
• List of Speed and Power Tests
• List of Muscular Strength Tests
• List of aerobic endurance tests