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Position Stand on Progression Models in Resistance Training for Healthy Adults (ACSM 2002)- Both concentric and eccentric muscle actions
- 离心运动和向心运动相结合
- Both single and multiple joint exercises
- 单关节与多关节相结合
- Exercise sequence
- 运动顺序
- large before small muscle group exercises 先练大肌肉群再练小肌群
- multiple-joint exercises before single-joint exercises 先进行多关节练习再进行单关节练习
- higher intensity before lower intensity exercises 先进行高强度练习再进行低强度练习
- When training at a specific RM load
- 选择适合的重量
- 2-10% increase in load 每次重量增加在2-10%之间
- one to two repetitions over the desired number
- Training frequency
- 运动频率
- 2-3 days per week for novice and intermediate training
- 初学者和中级者每周锻炼2—3次
- 4-5 days per week for advanced training. 高级者每周4-5组
Novice training 初学者- 8-12 repetition maximum (RM) 选择最大能举起8-12次的重量
Intermediate to advanced training 进阶者到高级者- 1-12 RM in periodized fashion
- eventual emphasis on heavy loading (1-6 RM) 最终中心放在1-6rm上
- at least 3-min rest periods between sets 最少3分钟的休息时间
- moderate contraction velocity 中等收缩速度
- 1-2 s concentric, 1-2 s eccentric 向心运动1-2s、离心运动1-2s
- Hypertrophy training 增肌训练
- 1-12 RM in periodized fashion 在1-12RM重量范围内改变
- emphasis on the 6-12 RM zone 侧重6-12RM的重量
- 1- to 2-min rest periods between sets 组间休息1-2min
- moderate contraction velocity 中等收缩速度
- higher volume, multiple-set programs 高强度、多组数
- Power training 爆发力训练
- two general loading strategies 两种一般的负荷策略
- strength training 力量训练
- use of light loads 使用轻重量
- 30-60% of 1 RM 30-60%的最大重复次数
- fast contraction velocity 快速收缩
- 2-3 min of rest between sets for multiple sets per exercise 组间休息2-3分钟
- emphasize multiple-joint exercises 重点在多关节的运动
- especially those involving the total body 特别是涉及到全身的运动
- Local muscular endurance training 局部肌肉耐力训练
- light to moderate loads 小到中等负荷
- 40-60% of 1 RM 40%-60%最大重复次数
- high repetitions (> 15) 多重复次数(15次以上)
- short rest periods (< 90 s) 短的休息时间 (< 90 秒)
- Recommendations should be viewed in context of individual´s target goals, physical capacity, and training status
- 建议要根据训练的人的运动目标、运动能力、运动状态来制定。
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