肌肉耐力测试

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Muscular Endurance Testing

Muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle group to executerepeated contractions over a period of time to fatigue. It can also be defined as the maintenance of a given amount of force for as long as possible until fatigue sets in, as in a bent-arm hang test. Whichever definition is used, the most important part of a muscular endurance test is that no rest periods are allowed, especially between repetitions. The muscular endurance tests discussed in this section are partial curl-ups and push-ups. (Another alternative for upper-body muscular-endurance testing is the YMCA bench press test.)

Partial Curl-Up Test. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM 2005a) provides the following guidelines:

1. Have the client assume a supine position on a mat with the low back flat and the knees bent at a 90-degree angle. Arms are at the sides with palms facing down, and the middle finger of each hand is touching a piece of tape placed next to the body. A second piece of tape is placed 10 centimeters (about 4 inches) beyond the first piece.

2. Set a metronome to a count of 50 beats per minute. Cue the client to move through the range of motion, curling up to touch the second piece of tape and returning to the first piece in a slow, controlled manner to the beat of the metronome. (An alternative would be to omit the metronome, which would allow the client to move at his or her own pace. But using the metronome keeps the movement controlled, which may encourage correct form.) Remember, these are not full sit-ups, only partial curl-ups. The goal is to lift the shoulder blades so the trunk makes a 30-degree angle with the mat.

3. Direct the client to perform as many curl-ups as possible without pausing, up to a maximum of 25, for 1 minute.

Push-Up Test. The ACSM guidelines (ACSM 2005a) for the push-up test are as follows:

1. With male clients, utilize the standard “down” position, using the toes as the pivotal point. The hands are shoulder width apart, the back is straight, and the head is up. With female clients, use the modified “knee push-up” position, with hands shoulder width apart, back straight, legs together, lower legs in contact with the mat, ankles plantar flexed and head up.

2. Have the client raise the body by straightening the arms and then return to the starting position, touching the chin to the mat. The stomach should not touch the mat at any time.

3. Instruct both men and women that the back must be straight at all times and the push-up must be to a straight-arm position.

4. Count the maximal number of push-ups performed in good form without rest. Stop the test when the client cannot maintain good form on two consecutive reps, or strains forcibly and cannot continue.

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